John was born in Antioch, in what is now Turkey, and was educated in rhetoric and philosophy. He became a monk and began his spiritual life in solitude.
John Chrysostom is remembered for his profound, stirring sermons, in which he took up pressing social and moral questions. His teaching dwelt on mercy, on social justice, and on the duty of caring for the poor.
In 398 he was appointed Archbishop of Constantinople. In that office he went on preaching vigorously and reforming the life of the Church — a course that at times earned him the displeasure of the upper ranks of society and of the clergy.
His unsparing criticism of the rich and powerful brought him into conflict with them, and he was twice driven into exile from Constantinople. His banishments became a symbol of the struggle for truth and justice.
Chrysostom left a large body of writings, including commentaries on Holy Scripture, pastoral letters, and sermons. His works have had a significant influence on Christian theology and practice.
John Chrysostom is venerated as a saint in various Christian traditions; his feast day is kept on 13 November (by the Julian calendar) or 26 January (by the Gregorian).